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她看電影去了哪個詞是不定式作狀語

發布時間:2022-03-02 00:05:34

㈠ 如何區分不定式作定語還是狀語

1. 如果不定式與前面的名詞構成動賓關系,前面的名詞是後面動詞的動作受事者,那麼後面的動詞不定式通常是定語。
舉例: a book to read, 要讀的一本書, a school to go to 要去的學校,a pen to write with 可以寫字的筆。
2. 如果是動賓結構(及物動詞加賓語)加動詞不定式,表示動作的最終目的,即目的狀語。eat the breakfast to gain energy,吃早飯是為了補充體力。
3. 不及物動詞加介詞後,用動詞不定式作目的狀語, 如 go to school(這里的to是介詞,因為go是不及物動詞) to learn knowledge 上學去學知識。

㈡ 動詞不定式作狀語有哪些規則

不定式短語作狀語,表示目的、原因、結果等。位置一般在句尾或句首。

(1)目的狀語

常用結構為to do , only to do(僅僅為了), in order to do,so as to do,so(such)… as to…(如此…以便…)。例如:

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班車。

I come here only to say good-bye to you.我來僅僅是向你告別。

(2)作結果狀語,可以表示沒有預料到的或事與願違的結果,不定式要放在句子後面。

I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒來發現箱子不見了。

He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜索了房間,沒發現什麼。

(3)表原因

I'm glad to see you. 見到你很高興。

She wept to see the sight. 她一看到這情形就哭了。

(4)表示理由和條件

He must be a fool to say so.

You will do well to speak more carefully.

(2)她看電影去了哪個詞是不定式作狀語擴展閱讀:

一、動詞不定式

在英語語法中,動詞不定式是指動詞中的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數量、時態的一種形式。它之所以被稱做不定式,是因為動詞不被限定,或者說不被詞形變化所局限。不定式屬於非謂語動詞形式。

然而在一些語言里(例如葡萄牙語),存在受時態、人稱和數量影響的不定式形態。亦有些語言完全沒有不定式,例如阿拉伯語、保加利亞語和現代希臘語。

在英語學習的課程中,動詞不定式的一般現在時被稱作「詞典用詞」,因為它一般被用作詞典中該動詞的詞頭。

動詞不定式可以作以上各種成分,但它畢竟是動詞,所以有動詞的屬性。

動詞不定式及其短語還可以有自己的賓語、狀語,雖然動詞不定式在語法上沒有表面上的直接主語,但它表達的意義是動作,這一動作一定由使動者(動詞的使用者)發出。這一使動者(動詞的使用者)我們稱之為邏輯主語。

二、形式

1) 現在式:一般現在時表示的動詞,有時與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生,有時發生在謂語動詞的動作之後。一般為:動詞+ to do something

He seems to know this.

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再見到你。

2) 完成式:表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

3)進行式:表示動作正在進行,與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。

He seems to be eating something.

4)完成進行式:

She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.

一般在表示情緒的動詞後加to do也表將來

㈢ 不定式作結果狀語 怎麼用

不定式

不定式由「to+動詞原形」構成,其否定形式是「not to do」。不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構成不定式短語。不定式沒有人稱和數的變化,有時態和語態的變化。不定式可以作主語、賓語、狀語、表語和定語。不定式復合結構為「介詞+sb.(sth.)+to do」,其中「介詞+sb.(sth.)」表明不定式動作的發出者,為邏輯主語。

1. 不定式的用法:

(1)作主語。不定式短語作主語時,為了使句子結構平衡,常將不定式短語放在謂語之後,而用it作形式主語。

It is our ty to give as much help as possible. 提供盡可能多的幫助是我們的職責。

但不定式作表語時,前面有不定式作主語,不定式不可位於句末。

To see is to believe. 眼見為實。

(2)作賓語。常見的只跟不定式作賓語的動詞(組)有want, wish, hope, expect, would like (love),care, choose, learn, plan, prepare, mean, agree, promise, offer, refuse, ask, beg, decide, make up one』s mind, be determined, manage, try, can』t afford, fail, pretend等。

①He promised to come today, but he hasn』t turned up yet .

他許諾說今天來,但他到現在還沒有出現。

②No one likes to be laughed at. 沒人喜歡被嘲笑。

有形容詞、分詞、名詞作賓補,不定式作賓語時要將不定式放於句末,用it 來作形式賓語。如:

You may find it necessary to finish the work ahead of time.

你會發現有必要提前完成工作。

(3)作賓語補足語。常見的跟不定式作賓補的動詞有ask, order, advise, like, want, teach, force, forbid, beg, allow, expect, cause, invite, tell, know, call on, depend on, wait for等。

The children asked their parents to take them to the park.。

孩子們要求父母帶他們去公園。

感官動詞後,如 see, watch, look at, observe, notice, hear, listen to, feel及部分表示「使」、「讓」的使役動詞,如have, make, let 跟不定式作賓補時要省略不定式符號to。但在被動語態中to 要加上。

Though he had often made his sister cry, today he was made to cry by his sister.

盡管他總是弄哭他妹妹,今天卻被妹妹弄哭了。

help後的不定式作賓補(包括作賓語)to 可有可無。

(4)作表語。

My job is to help the patient. 我的工作是幫助病人。

要注意不定式作表語與「be to do」結構的不同:

不定式作表語說明主語的性質或內容,而「be to do」結構表示安排要做的事情。

①My next plan is to draw a picture for the house.(不定式作表語)

我下一個計劃是為這座房子畫一幅圖。

②We are to meet at the school gate at six .(be to do表示安排)

我們約好六點在學校門口見面。

(5)作定語

①表示將來的動作。

The meeting to be held next week will be of great importance.。

下周將要舉行的會議極為重要。

② 用在固定搭配中。

I will go to Shanghai tomorrow. Have you anything to be sent to your son?

我明天要去上海,你有什麼東西要帶給你兒子嗎?

(send的動作發出者並非you,因此不定式用被動語態)

作定語的不定式如果與其前面所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動賓關系,然而動詞又為不及物動詞,動詞後要加介詞或副詞,使其成為及物動詞片語。

Will you find me a pen to write with? 你能給我找一支寫字的筆嗎?

不定式所修飾的詞是time, place, way時,不定式後面的介詞習慣上要省去。

Do you think it is the best way to deal with such a problem?

你認為這是解決問題的最好方式嗎?

(6) 狀語。表示目的、原因、結果。

①They ran over to welcome the guests. 他們跑過去歡迎客人。(目的)

②The child is too young to go to school. 孩子太小不能去上學。(結果)

③We were excited to hear the news. 聽到這個消息我們激動了。(原因)

不定式的時態與語態

不定式有一般式、進行式、完成式形式,既有主動語態又有被動語態兩種語態。形成to do, to be done, to be doing,to have done, to have been done形式。

(1)不定式的一般式所表示的動作通常與謂語的動作(狀態)同時(或幾乎同時) 發生,或是在它之後發生。

I』m sorry to tell you that you are wrong this time.

我很遺憾告訴你這次是你錯了。

(2)如果謂語表示的動作(情況)發生時,不定式表示的動作正在進行, 這時不定式就要用進行式。

I am very glad to be talking with you. 我很高興與你交談。

(3)如果不定式的動作發生在謂語動詞之前,就要用完成式。

I』m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time. 對不起,讓你久等了。

當不定式邏輯上的主語是這個不定式所表示的動作的承受者時, 不定式要用被動語態。

He asked to be sent to work in the countryside. 他要求去農村工作。

動名詞

動名詞由「動詞+ing」構成;具有動詞和名詞的性質,可以有賓語或狀語; 可作主語、賓語、表語和定語。動名詞有時態和語態的變化。

㈣ 用動詞不定式做句子的狀語,請舉例。

I come here to get my umbrella.
To get good grades, Tom studies hard.

㈤ 如何區分不定式作後置定語與作狀語請看這兩句.(高手請進)

後置定語修飾前面的名詞,如果表達目的的意思就是目的狀語,表達結果的意思,就是結果狀語

㈥ 為什麼不用不定式作狀語而是用了現在分詞原因狀語的話這兩種詞都可以吧。謝老師

你是不是人教材必修5的英語書沒有吃透哦!這是一種主動關系,所以才選擇c,把句子還原就是because she does not want(過去式的話就事ddid not).現在把第一個單詞,主語,主動詞去掉,保留主桿,又因為是主動關系,這一點從助動詞就可以得出。又因為被動用ed,主動用ing,好像是人教必修4課本的非謂語動詞里知識,所以選擇c,何來有不定試呢!學習語言,課本教材加牛津,或者朗文是必不可少的,很多東西課本沒有得出什麼結論,而是隱含在其!!達到深刻體會與活學活用的地步,就像我上面分析的,可以把句子還原,再針對性的作高級變換!!!

㈦ 分詞作狀語和不定式作狀語

1. 目的,結果與伴隨(或連續性)
動詞不定式可以表示目的作狀語(或in order+不定式;so as+不定式;just+不定式等),也可以做結果狀語,而分詞則不能。
現在分詞可以做伴隨狀語(或表示連續性動作。),不定式卻無此功能。
1.1目的狀語
例:(2005.福建卷)—Can the project be finished as planned?
—Sure,______ it completed in time ,we』ll work two more hours a day.
A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get
答案B。此句表示我們每天將多工作兩個小時,目的是為了及時完成那項工程。分詞不表示目的,故用不定式。
例:(2005.遼寧卷)—All these gifts must be mailed immediately______ in time for Christmas.
A. in order to have received B. in order to receive
C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving
答案C。所有這些禮物必須馬上被送走,目的是為了及時被收到過聖誕節。此題設計了動詞不定式的四種形式。用一般被動式表示未來的被動動作。
例:(2005.上海卷)—It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____ a look at the sports stars.
A. had B. having C. to have D. have
答案C。從「unbelievable」可知球迷在體育館外等了三小時,只是為了看看運動明星,故不定式做目的狀語。
1.2 結果狀語(only+不定式表示令人失望的結果)
例:(2005.廣東卷)—He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
答案A。句意為:他匆忙到達車站,未能趕上火車而感到失望。所以選不定式的一般式。
1.3 伴隨狀語
例 1.(2005.重慶卷)Daddy didn』t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together,_____ fun.
A. had B. have C. to have D. having
答案D。根據句意可知,取樂是「只要我們在一起」所伴隨的動作。故用分詞。
例 2. (2006湖北卷) Don』t sit there _________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
答案C。此句中doing作sit的伴隨狀語。
1.4連續動作
例:(2005.全國卷)—「You can』t catch me !」 — Jannet shouted,______ away.
A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
答案B。根據題意知Jannet喊了「你抓不住我!」後跑了,喊、跑的動作連續發生。所以選分詞。
2. 時間,原因,讓步和條件
分詞可以作時間狀語;原因狀語;讓步狀語;條件狀語。
2.1時間狀語
例:(2005.全國卷)—The storm left,_____ a lot of damage to this area.
A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused
答案D。根據題意得知,暴風雨對此地區造成大量的破壞後離開。造成破壞發生在離開之前,而且暴風雨造成破壞,含有主動意義,所以選分詞完成式,作時間狀語。
例:(2005.上海)______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put
答案A。根據題意可知熱線在2000年4月被開通使用,熱線是動作的承受者,故用過去分詞短語作時間狀語相當(=When the hotline was put into use in April 2000,)。
例:______ a bear coming , he fled.
A. Having seen B. Seen C. To see D. Seeing
答案D。用現在分詞一般式,作狀語,相當(=When he saw a bear coming,)。
例:(2005.湖南卷)______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
答案A。此句中Dressed in a white uniform相當 ( = When he is dressed in…)的時間狀語從句。用過去分詞表狀態。
2.2原因或理由
例:_______ my work ,I have nothing to do .
A. To have finished B. To finish
C. Having finished D. Finishing
答案C。此句分詞完成式表示原因相當(=As I have finished …)。
2.3讓步狀語
例:______ what you say ,I can』t still believe it.
A. To admit B. Admitted C. Admitting D. Being admitted
答案C。Admitting what you say = (Though I can admit what you say)
2.4條件狀語
例:______ you will find the house you want.
A. To turn to left B. Turning to left
C. Turn to left D. To have turned to left
答案B。此句中分詞短語作條件狀語相當(=If you turn to left…)
3. 獨立句
動詞不定式獨立成分是用來強調自己所說內容的確切性,而分詞獨立片語則表示說話者所持的態度及看法。
3.1不定式獨立式
例:______ , I don』t know.
A. To tell the truth B. To have told the truth
C. Being told the truth D. Having told the truth
答案A。此句相當(=In order to tell the truth that I don』t know I…)。
3.2分詞獨立片語
例:(2005.全國卷)______ , the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
A. General speaking B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally
答案C。此句中用副詞修飾分詞,意為「一般的說來」,相當(=If I speak generally…)。
通過對動詞不定式與分詞作狀語的功能辨析,要高度地重視目的、結果、時間、伴隨(或連續)、條件、讓步、原因(或理由)、及獨立等狀語的特點,弄清二者之間作狀語的差異。

㈧ 動詞不定式作狀語

動詞不定式
英語語法--動詞不定式

動詞不定式

7.1 不定式作賓語

1) 動詞+ 不定式

afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake

舉例:

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。

2)動詞+不定式 ; 動詞+賓語+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡你年使每件東西都保持整潔。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和湯姆談話。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想讓你和湯姆談話。

3) 動詞+疑問詞+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can』t make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機,我都拿不定主意買哪一種。

注意:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時,謂語動詞用單數。

The question is how to put it into practice.

問題是怎樣把它付諸實施。

7.1 不定式作賓語

1) 動詞+ 不定式

afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake

舉例:

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司機沒能及時看見另一輛車。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道問題的答案。

2)動詞+不定式 ; 動詞+賓語+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡每件東西都保持整潔。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜歡你年使每件東西都保持整潔。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和湯姆談話。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想讓你和湯姆談話。

3) 動詞+疑問詞+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 請演示給我們如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can』t make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機,我都拿不定主意買哪一種。

注意:疑問詞帶不定式在句中作成分時,謂語動詞用單數。

The question is how to put it into practice.

問題是怎樣把它付諸實施。

7.2 不定式作補語

1) 動詞+賓語+不定式(to do)

advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel ince inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句:

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父親不讓我們在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty.

我們相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法:

Find 後可用分詞做賓補,或先加形式賓語,再加形容詞,最後加帶to 的動詞不定式。find後也可帶一個從句。此類動詞還有get,have。

I found him lying on the ground.

I found it important to learn.

I found that to learn English is important.

典型例題:

The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead.

A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

答案:A.find的賓語後面,用分詞或分詞短語,起賓語補足語作用。現在分詞表達主動,也表達正在進行,過去分詞表達被動。

2) to + be 的不定式結構,作補語的動詞。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(聲稱), discover, fancy(設想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以為), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

我們認為湯姆是班上最好的學生之一。

典型例題

Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只說明發明這一個事實,不定式後用原形即可。而C為現在完成時,發明為點動詞一般不用完成時,且此處也不強調對現在的影響,因此不選C。

3) to be +形容詞

Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…

The book is believed to be uninteresting.

人們認為這本書沒什麼意思。

4) there be+不定式

believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

We didn』t expect there to be so many people there.我們沒料到會有那麼多人在哪裡。

注意 : 有些動詞需用as 短語做補語,如regard, think believe, take, consider.

We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我們認為湯姆是我們最好的老師。

Mary took him as her father . 瑪麗把他當作自己的父親。

7.3 不定式主語

1) It』s easy (for me) to do that.我做這事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;

the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough

It』s so nice to hear your voice.

聽到你的聲音真高興。

It』s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.

當你不用車的時候,鎖車是有必要的。

2) It』s very kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們,他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考慮周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

例句:

It was silly of us to believe him. 我們真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們任何東西,這顯得太自私了。

注意:1) 其他系動詞如,look,appear等也可用於此句型

2) 不定式作為句子成分時,動詞用單數形式。

3) 當不定式作主語的句子中又有一個不定式作表語時,不能用It is… to…的句型

(對)To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。

(錯)It is to believe to see.

7.4 It』s for sb.和 It』s of sb.

1)for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點,表示客觀形式的形容詞,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:

It』s very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。

2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It』s very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我,你真是太好了。

for 與of 的辨別方法:

用介詞後面的代詞作主語,用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語,造個句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如:

You are nice. (通順,所以應用of)。

He is hard. (人是困難的,不通,因此應用for。)

7.5 不定式作表語

不定式可放在be動詞後面,形成表語。例如:

My work is to clean the room every day.

His dream is to be a doctor.

7.6 不定式作定語

不定式做定語通常要放在被修飾的詞後。例如:

I have a lot of work to do.

So he made some candles to give light.

7.7 不定式作狀語

1)目的狀語

To… only to (僅僅為了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班車。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我來僅僅是向你告別。

2)作結果狀語,表事先沒有預料到的,要放在句子後面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 表原因

I』m glad to see you.

典型例題

The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.

A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on

答案:B. 如果不定式為不及物動詞,其後應有必要的介詞。當動詞與介詞連用時,常位於"形容詞+動詞不定式"結構的末尾。

7.8 用作介詞的to

to 有兩種用法: 一為不定式+動詞原形; 一為介詞+名詞/動名詞, to 在下面的用法中是第二種,即to+ 名詞/動名詞:

admit to承認, confess to承認,

be accustomed to 習慣於, be used to 習慣於, stick to 堅持, turn to開始,著手於, devote oneself to 獻身於, be devoted to 致力於, look forward to 盼望, pay attention to 注意

7.9 省to 的動詞不定式

1) 情態動詞 ( 除ought 外,ought to):

2) 使役動詞 let, have, make:

3) 感官動詞 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等後作賓補,省略to。

注意:在被動語態中則to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance.

=He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.

=They were made to work the whole night.

4) would rather,had better:

5) Why… / why not…:

6) help 可帶to,也可不帶to, help sb (to) do sth:

7) but和except:but前是動詞do時,後面出現的動詞用不帶to的動詞不定式。

8) 由and, or和than連接的兩個不定式,第二個to 可以省去:

9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等詞後,可以省去to be:

He is supposed (to be) nice. 他應該是個好人。

舉例:

He wants to move to France and marry the girl.

He wants to do nothing but go out.

比較: He wants to do nothing but go out.

He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

典型例題

1) ---- I usually go there by train.

---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?

A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

答案:D. why not 後面接不帶to 的不定式,因此選D。

2) Paul doesn』t have to be made ___. He always works hard.

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

答案:B. make後接不帶to 的動詞不定式,當其用於被動時,to 不可省略。

7.10 動詞不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走過的時候,她假裝沒看見。

典型例題

1)Tell him ___ the window.

A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut

D. not shut

答案:B。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式為tell sb not to do sth.

2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by.

A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see

D. having not seen

答案:A。 pretend 後應接不定式。其否定形式為pretend not to do sth.。

3)Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never driver

C. never driving D. never drive

答案:A。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式為warn sb not to do sth. 此處用的是否定詞never.

4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ____.

A. not to B. not to do C. not do it

D. do not to

答案:A。not to 為not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to這個詞,而不必重復整個不定式片語。及物動詞do後應有名詞、代詞等,否則不對,因此B,D不對。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat

D. not eating

答案:C。warn一詞要求後用不定式,此處為不定式的被動,否定形式為be warned not to do。

7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to…

1)too…to 太…以至於…

He is too excited to speak.

他太激動了,說不出話來。

---- Can I help you ? 需要我幫忙嗎?

---- Well, I』m afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。這箱子太重,恐怕你搬不動。謝謝您。

2) 如在too前有否定詞,則整個句子用否定詞表達肯定, too 後那個詞表達一種委婉含義,意 為"不太"。

It』s never too late to mend. (諺語)

改過不嫌晚。

3) 當too 前面有only, all, but時,意思是:非常… 等於very。

I』m only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高興能幫助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。

7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to

1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.

湯姆對事故保持沉默是為了不丟掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.

輕點進去,別驚醒了嬰兒。

2) so kind as to ---勞駕

Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?

勞駕,現在幾點了。

7.13 不定式的特殊句型Why not

"Why not +動詞原形"表達向某人提出建議,翻譯為:"為什麼不……?" "干嗎不……?"

例如:

Why not take a holiday?

干嗎不去度假?

7.14 不定式的時態和語態

時態\語態 主動 被動

一般式 to do to be done

進行式 to be doing

完成式 to have done to have been done

完成進行式 to have been doing

1) 現在時:一般現在時表示的動詞,有時與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生,有時發生在謂語動詞的動作之後。

He seems to know this.

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I』ll see you again. 我希望再見到你。

2) 完成時:表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。

I』m sorry to have given you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

3) 進行時: 表示動作正在進行,與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。

He seems to be eating something.

4) 完成進行時:

She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.

7.15 動名詞與不定式

1) 動名詞與不定式的區別:

動名詞表達的是: 狀態,性質,心境,抽象,經常性,已發生的

不定式表達的是: 目的,結果,原因,具體,一次性,將發生的

2) 接不定式或動名詞,意義相同。

3) 動名詞與不定式語義不同的有11 組:

1 stop to do stop doing

2 forget to do forget doing

3 remember to do remember doing

4 regret to do regret doing

5 cease to do cease doing

6 try to do try doing

7 go on to do go on doing

8 afraid to do afraid doing

9 interested to do interested doing

10 mean to do mean doing

11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing

㈨ 不定式作狀語的時候通常表示目的、結果、原因,能否各造一個句子

不定式作目的狀語:I stayed at home to have a good rest. 我在家裡想好好休息一下。
不定式作結果狀語:I'm too tired to play football today. 我太疲勞今天不能踢球了。
不定式作原因狀語:She felt bad to think of the problem. 想到那個問題就讓她不舒服。

㈩ 怎麼區分動詞不定式是做狀語還是賓補啊

交你一個簡單的區分方法,緊跟賓語的就是賓語補足語,沒有緊跟賓語的就是目的狀語。
第一句如果改成your son asked you to have dinner,那麼to have dinner就不再是目的狀語,而是賓語補足語了。不過它們只是句子成分變了,但表達的內容並沒有改變。
第二句如果改成he invited me to come home to attend his birthday part,那麼原來做賓語補足語的to attend his birthday part現在就變成目的狀語了。
這兩個例句中其實沒必要嚴格區分究竟是目的狀語還是賓語補足語,無論它們的句子成分是什麼,它們在這里都表示的是目的,只是在句中的位置不同罷了。

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